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WWW References Pertaining To Oxides Of Chlorine:
Chlorine Dioxide Chemistry
Link to Chlorine Dioxide, by Scholarly Community Encyclopedia
Link to Wikipedia entry on chlorine dioxide.
Link to Wikipedia entry on sodium chlorite.
Link to Link to Molecular Models of Chlorine Dioxide
Link to "Made How" website explains how sodium chlorite can be made
Link to Preparing ClO2 from NaClO3
Link to Chemical Reactivity of Chlorine Dioxide explained
Link to stoichiometry involved with oxygen & chlorine dioxide, by Kalcker
Link to Kinetics of the reaction between molecular chlorine and chlorite in aqueous solution
by EM Aieta, PV Roberts
Environmental Science & Technology, Vol 20/Issue 1, January 1, 1986, pp50-55
Link to Kinetic Role of Reactive Intermediates in Controlling the Formation of Chlorine Dioxide
in the Hypochlorous Acid–Chlorite Ion Reaction,
by Angyal Fábián Szabó
Link to The rapid interaction between sodium chlorite and dissolved chlorine
by F Emmenegger, G Gordon
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol 6/Issue 3, March 1, 1967, pp633–635
Link to Electrochemical production of chlorine dioxide gas
from aqueous chlorite and antibacterial effects.
Link to Kemin Industries supplies various chlorine dioxide related products
Various Applications
Link to Link to Overall View Of ClO2, by Howard Alliger of Frontier Pharmaceutical, Inc. 1961
Link to Biography of Howard Alliger, original researcher in chlorine dioxide as disinfectant,
inventor of "Alcide", founder of "Frontier Pharmaceutical", by Doctor Pierre Kory
Link to reactions that produce chlorine dioxide plus disinfectant applications explained, by Lenntech
Link to Oxidations of Amines. III. Duality of Mechanism in the
Reaction of Amines with Chlorine Dioxide, by Hull et al
Link to Reactivity of chlorine dioxide with amino acids, peptides, and proteins
by Virender K. Sharma & Mary Sohn
Environ Chem Lett 10, (Feb 2,2012) pp255–264
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Oxidation of Dihydronicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH)
by Ekaterina V. Bakhmutova-Albert, Dale W. Margerum, Jameson G. Auer, Bruce M. Applegate
Inorganic Chemistry, Vol 47/Issue 6, February 16, 2008
Link to Antioxidant Chemistry:  Oxidation of l-Cysteine
and Its Metabolites by Chlorite and Chlorine Dioxide,
by Darkwa J, Olojo R, Chikwana E, Simoyi RH
The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol 108/Issue 26, pp5576–5587
Link to full article Studies on oxidative transformations of thiols, sulfides
and alcohols in the presence of chlorine dioxide
by A Kutchin, SA Rubtsova, OM Lezina, DV Sudarikov,
LL Frolova, IV Loginova, AV Popov, ON Grebyonkina
Pure and Applied Chemistry, Volume 89 Issue 10, June 12, 2017, pp1379-1401
Link to Detoxification of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) by ascorbic acid in aqueous solutions: ESR studies
by T Ozawa & T Kwan
Water Research, Volume 21, Issue 2, February 1987, pp229-231
Link to Reaction of methionine with chlorine: kinetics, product formation,
and potential use as a scavenger in chlorine dioxide-based systems,
by M Jütte, J Heyns, M S Abdighahroudi, C Schüth, H V Lutze
Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2024, 10, pp457-466
Link Studies Concerning Phenolic Compounds Oxidation
(2-AMINOPHENOL, 2-CHLOROPHENOL, RESORCINOL)
By Chlorine Dioxide In Water Solutions
By D Chis, G Mosoarca, C Bogatu, I Vlaicu, A Iovi, D Botau
Annals Of The Faculty Of Engineering, Hunedoara – 2003, pp182-190
Link to Reaction Mechanisms of Chlorine Dioxide with Phenolic Compounds--
Influence of Different Substituents on Stoichiometric Ratios
and Intrinsic Formation of Free Available Chlorine
by Mischa Jütte, Janis A. Wilbert, Marcel Reusing,
Mohammad Sajjad Abdighahroudi, Christoph Schüth, Holger V. Lutze
Environmental Science & TechnologyVol 57/Issue 47, June 5, 2023
Link to Reactions of chlorine Dioxide with Nitrogen-Containing Heteroc[ylic Compounds]
dissertation by MS Abdighahroudi
Link to Reaction products of chlorine dioxide.
by A A Stevens
Environmental Health Perspectives, Volume 46, 1982, pp101-110
Link to Chlorine Dioxide as a Potable Water Disinfectant:
Application, Residuals, and By-products Monitoring,
masters thesis by Justin Michel Rak-Banville
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Bleaching [in paper industry], by Mall & Upadhyay
IPPTA, Vol 25, No 4, December 1988
Link to The reactions of chlorine dioxide with inorganic and organic compounds
in water treatment: kinetics and mechanisms
by Wenhui Gan, Yuexian Ge, Yu Zhonga, Xin Yang
Environmental Science, Water Research and Technology, Issue 9, 2020,
Link to Chlorite formation during ClO2 oxidation of model compounds
having various functional groups and humic substances
by Wenhui Gan, Sirong Huang, Yuexian Ge, Tom Bond, Paul Westerhoff, Jiaxin Zhai, Xin Yang
Water Research, Volume 159, 1 August 2019, Pages 348-357
Link to Free chlorine formation in the process of the chlorine dioxide oxidation of aliphatic amines
by Yang Guo, Jie Xu, Xueling Bai, Yan Lin, Wenfeng Zhou, Jing Li
Water Research, Volume 217, 15 June 2022, p118399-
Link to Trihalomethanes formation in water treated with chlorine dioxide
by Jun Wen Li, Zuobin Yu, Xinpei Cai, Ming Gao, Fuhuan Chao
Water Research, Volume 30, Issue 10, October 1996, Pages 2371-2376
Link to Volatile organic chloramines formation during ClO2 treatment
by Yuanzhi Hu, Qian Yang, Yang Guo, Jie Xu, Wenfeng Zhou, Jing Li, Ernest R. Blatchley III
Journal of Environmental Sciences, Volume 92, June 2020, Pages 256-263
Link to The formation of disinfection by-products in water treated with chlorine dioxide
by Chen-Yu Chang, Yung-Hsu Hsieh, Sheng-Sheng Hsu, Po-Yu Hu, Kuo-Hua Wang
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 79, Issues 1–2, 1 December 2000, Pages 89-102
Link to disinfectant applications of chlorine dioxide, by Lenntech
Link to A systematic review on chlorine dioxide as a general disinfectant, by Jefri et al
Link to Disinfection Mechanism of Chlorine Dioxide, by Kartal
Link to A Focus on Chlorine Dioxide: The "Ideal" Biocide
by GD Simpson, RF Miller, GD Laxton, WR Clements of Unichem International
Link to abstract Link to full article Pharmaceutical formulation and in-vitro testing of Dioxy MP 14
(stabilised chlorine dioxide) against mycobacteria tuberculosis
thesis by Daniel Muleya Mavu at University of the Western Cape, South Africa, 2011
Link to Chlorine Dioxide: Friend or Foe for Cell Biomolecules?
A Chemical Approach, by Andres el al
Link to Chlorine Dioxide (ClO2) a highly effective biocide
with special advantages and applications explained, by Scotmas
Link to Articles re chlorine dioxide gas applications, by ClorDiSys
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Gas For Room Sterilization, by ClorDiSys
Link to chlorine dioxide gas as antimicrobial fumigant, by Shirasaki et al
Link to hospital room sanitized by chlorine dioxide gas as fumigant, by Lowe et al
Link to inactivation of airborne bacteria and viruses using chlorine dioxide gas, by Ogata et al
Link to abstract for "Role of Oxidants in Microbial Pathophysiology", by Miller & Britigan,
oxidants useful as disinfectants reviewed plus references
Link to same as full article in pdf
Link to chlorine dioxide for a variety of applications:
water disinfection, biofilms, dairies, poultry farms,
breweries, wineries, food processing, horticulture, by CDG Environmental
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Uses And Benefits, by Sensorex
Chemical Pollutant Decontamination
Link to Sodium Chlorite Chlorine Dioxide Treatment for Industrial & Municipal Pollutants,
by OxyChem
Link to Link to Comparison of Chlorine Dioxide and Ozone as Oxidants
for the Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds,
by Md Abdul Hoque of Middle Tennessee State University, Masters Thesis, August 2018
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Oxidation For Micropollutants,
by Ma, et al
Link to Chlorine Dioxide for Taste and Odor Control,
by GS Walker, FP Lee, EM Aieta
Volume78, Issue3, March 1986, pp 84-93
Link to Reaction products of chlorine dioxide,
by Stevens
Link to The reactions of chlorine dioxide with inorganic and organic compounds
in water treatment: kinetics and mechanisms,
by Gan et al
Link to Removal of synthetic dyes from wastewaters: a review
by Esther Forgacs, Tibor Cserháti, Gyula Oros
Environment International, Volume 30, Issue 7, September 2004, Pages 953-971
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Decontaminates Sulfonylurea Herbicides
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Decontaminates Pesticides
Link to Rapid degradation of atrazine by a novel advanced oxidation process
of bisulfite/chlorine dioxide: Efficiency, mechanism, pathway,
by Wand et al
Link to A novel solar-activated chlorine dioxide process for atrazine degradation in drinking water,
by Chen, et al
Link to Glyphosate Removal from Drinking Water,
by TF Speth,
Journal of Environmental Engineering, Volume 119, Issue 6, Nov 1, 1993
Link to Link to A review of chlorine dioxide in drinking water treatment [re chemical pollutants],
by Aieta & Berg
Link to Reaction Mechanisms of Chlorine Dioxide with Phenolic Compounds--
Influence of Different Substituents on Stoichiometric Ratios
and Intrinsic Formation of Free Available Chlorine,
by Jütte et al
Link to abstract Link to full article Oxidation of pharmaceuticals by chlorine dioxide in wastewater effluent.
masters thesis by Raquel Alcalá Borao 2015
Link to Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide,
by Marc M. Huber, Susanna Korhonen, Thomas A. Ternes, Urs von Gunten
Water Research, Volume 39, Issue 15, September 2005, Pages 3607-3617
Link to Application of Chemical Oxidation Processes for the Removal
of Pharmaceuticals in Biologically Treated Wastewater,
[using chlorine dioxide, peracetic acid, ozone, hydrogen peroxide]
by G Hey, R Grabic, A Ledina, JC Jansen, HR Andersen
Chemical Engineering Journal, 185–186 (2012), pp236–242
Link to Assessing the targeted breakdown of pharmaceutical compounds
via the generation of chlorine dioxide gas in situ
by Moratalla, et al
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, Volume 11, Issue 5, October 2023, p110510
Link to Elimination Pharmaceuticals In Water Using ClO2 or O3
[see chapter 3 regarding chlorine dioxide, pp69-94],
dissertation by MM Huber
Link to Reactions of tetracycline antibiotics with chlorine dioxide and free chlorine
by P Wang, YL He, CH Huang
Water Research, Volume 45, Issue 4, February 2011, pp1838-1846
Link to Degradation of sulfonamide antibiotics and a structurally related compound
by chlorine dioxide: Efficiency, kinetics, potential products and pathways
by Pang, et al
Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 451, Part 1, 1 January 2023, p138502
Link to Transformation of Aqueous Pollutants by Chlorine Dioxide:
Reactions, Mechanisms and Products
from Quality and Treatment of Drinking Water II,
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5 / 5C. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
by Chaim Rav-Acha
Link to Aqueous reactions of chlorine dioxide with hydrocarbons,
by Acha & Choshen
Environmental Science & Technology, Vol 21/Issue 11, 11-1-1987, pp 1069-1074
Link to Disinfection byproducts and their toxicity in wastewater effluents
treated by the mixing oxidant of ClO2/Cl2,
by Yu Zhong, Wenhui Gan, Ye Du, Huang Huang, Qianyuan Wu, Yingying Xiang, Chii Shang, Xin Yang
Water Research, Volume 162, 1 October 2019, Pages 471-481
Link to The formation of disinfection by-products in water treated with chlorine dioxide, by Chang et al
Link to Free chlorine formation in the process of the chlorine dioxide oxidation of aliphatic amines, by Guo et al
Link to Volatile organic chloramines formation during ClO2 treatment, by Hu et al
Link to "The Effect Of Predisinfection With Chlorine Dioxide
On The Formation Of Haloacetic Acids And Trihalomethanes
In A Drinking Water Supply", by Harris CL
Link to Fingerprinting the reactive toxicity pathways of 50 drinking water disinfection by-products
by Daniel Stalter, Elissa O'Malley, Urs von Gunten, Beate I. Escher
Water Research, Volume 91, 15 March 2016, Pages 19-30
Link to Chlorine disinfection by-products in wastewater effluent:
Bioassay-based assessment of toxicological impact
by K. Watson, G. Shaw, F.D.L.Leusch, N.L. Knight Water Research, Volume 46, Issue 18, 15 November 2012, Pages 6069-6083
Link to Link to A review of chlorine dioxide in drinking water treatment [re chemical pollutants],
by E. Marco Aieta & James D. Berg
Journal American Water Works Association, Volume78, Issue6, June 1986, pp62-72
Water Disinfection
Link to protection against waterborne pathogens using chlorine dioxide, by Scotmas
Link to Water treatment and pathogen control, link to ebook
Link to numerous issues pertaining to chlorine dioxide especially water disinfection,
by Environmental Protection Agency
Link to Environmental Impact of Chlorine Dioxide
by G Simpson & E Phillips
Link to Generating chlorine dioxide for third world water purification, by Mistry & Moore
Link to Chlorine Dioxide in Potable Water Treatment, by International Dioxide
Link to Chlorine dioxide-based oxidation processes for water purification：A review
by Xu, et al
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Volume 436, 15 August 2022, p129195
Link to Link to Chlorine Dioxide vs. Monochloramine: A Review,
by G Bova & G Simpson
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Disinfects Giardia, by Perplexity
Link to Inactivation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia, by Quip Laboratories
Link to Link to antiGiardia & antiCryptosporidium, by EPA
Link to Amoeba disinfected by chlorine dioxide, by Dupuy et al
Link to The Pure Line company provides sanitation services using chlorine dioxide.
Appliction Guide
Link to broad applicability of chlorine dioxide for disinfecting water,
by NanoTech Water Solutions
Link to Biofilm: Removal and Prevention with Chlorine Dioxide, by PureLine
Link to Oxidizing and Non-Oxidizing Biocides (affecting biofilms), by Alvim
Link to Mycobacterium avium in water
Link to Inactivation of three genera of dominant fungal spores in groundwater
using chlorine dioxide: Effectiveness, influencing factors, and mechanisms,
by Gang Wen, Xiangqian Xu, Tinglin Huang, Hong Zhu, Jun Ma
Water Research, Volume 125, 15 November 2017, Pages 132-140
Link to Listeria in brine
Link to E coli in water
Link to Treating Water - Traveler Summary, by TripPrep
Link to Link to books pertaining to avoiding travel related illnesses
Link to Fundamentals of Chlorine Disinfection (not chlorine dioxide),
by Scholarly Community Encyclopedia
Link to Does Chlorination Promote Antimicrobial Resistance, by Adefisoye et al
Food Disinfection
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Use In Food Disinfection, by Perplexity
Link to Disinfectant Technology for Food Safety, by Kemin
Link to Chlorine Dioxide for Food & Produce Sanitation, by International Dioxide
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Chemistry FAQs, by International Dioxide
Link to Fresh Produce Safety, by Malka & Park
Link to Chlorine Dioxide: Revolutionizing Food Safety, by Alex Whitmore of Pureline
Link to Improving Food Processing Sanitation with Chlorine Dioxide, by Jay Parks of Pureline
Link to 10 Reasons Why You Should Be Using Chlorine Dioxide, by Food Safety Magazine
Link to washing with chlorine dioxide reduces norovirus in salad, by Estrada et al
Link to How is Chlorine Dioxide Gas Used to Process Foods? by Virginia Tech
Link to Chlorine Dioxide: The Game Changer In Food Processing, by Scotmas
Link to Chlorine dioxide: The last line of defense in sanitizing food processing facilities, by Food Safety News
Link to Fresh Produce Safety And Quality: Chlorine Dioxide's Role, by Malka&Park
Link to Outstanding antimicrobial properties of chlorine dioxide lead to
a variety of uses in the food processing industry, by CDG Environmental
Link to Beverage Preparation
Link to Salmonella on eggshells disinfected
Link to Google search page which can be used to search ["acidified sodium chlorite" FDA] which returns links to hundreds of notices reporting approvals, by the United States Food and Drug Administration pertaining to the use of ASC as a food disinfectant.
Viral Disinfection
Link to general antiviral review, by Tristel
Link to airborne viruses
Link to influenza
Link to influenza
Link to covid in Bolivia
Link to ebola
Link to ebola
Link to norovirus
Link to various viruses
Link to water borne viruses
Link to papillomavirus
Link to Hepatitis C
Link to rotavirus
Link to enterovirus
Human Medical Treatment
Link to Chlorine Dioxide (CLO2) As a Non-Toxic Antimicrobial Agent for Virus, Bacteria and Yeast (Candida Albicans), by Robert O. Young
Link to History and Therapeutic Mechanisms Of Chlorine Dioxide, by Doctor Pierre Kory
Link to Ever mounting evidence supports use in human diseases, by Doctor Pierre Kory
Link to small cell lung cancer inhibition in vitro, by Yildiz et al
Link to MMS (Chlorine Dioxide) Historic Review, by Jim Humble
Link to Important Facts Regarding MMS (Chlorine Dioxide), by Jim Humble
Link to Biochemistry Of Oxidation And Reduction Plus Oxidative Therapies Explained, by Doctor Thomas Hesselink
Link to Mechanism Of Chlorine Dioxide Against Malaria, by Doctor Thomas Hesselink
Link to DioxiCare White Papers and Studies, by Frontier Pharmaceutical
These review various applications of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite.
Doctor Andreas Ludwig Kalcker has and continues to extensively
research and report his findings pertaining to chlorine dioxide,
its chemistry and its biological applications.
Andreas Kalcker
Be sure to click on pull-down menus along the top
of the home-page such as [CDS] or [Protocols].
Doctor Kalcker has written 4 excellent books.
Books
Study many pertinent scientific references.
References
See their collection of videos free from adversarial censorship.
Dioxipedia, Home Page
A comprehensive source for information on chlorine dioxide treatments.
Videos
Peruse their ever-expanding collection of articles and commentaries.
Articles
Intro
Introducing ASC and CDS, by Curious Outlier
Universal Antidote
Video compiled by the "Curious Outlier", explains the history and
development of chlorine dioxide treatments, quotes false criticisms
by fake news pundits, includes favorable testimonies
References
Downloadable collection of references and links
Guide
How to prepare chlorine dioxide solutions
Qs&As
Cancer
Malaria
Skin Diseases
Nasal Spray
Link to The Mark Grenon story: the Christian missionary who with his sons
successfully treated malaria and covid using chlorine dioxide outside the US.
Later they were wrongfully prosecuted and imprisoned for this.
Link to More details pertaining to the Grenon story.
Link to Chlorine Dioxide, the Universal Remedy that Drug Companies Hate
Mark Grenon explains everything to Kacper Maciej Postawski
Link to Mark Grenon interviewed from prison explaining
the treatment successes and the wrongful prosecutions.
Link to Video explains chlorine dioxide and red light treatments, by Jonathan Otto on "Man In America"
Link to Link to Link to collections of videos explaining various aspects of chlorine dioxide treatment
Link to The Chlorine Dioxide Controversy, by Stephanie Seneff
Link to Chlorine Dioxide: An effective and cheap cure
or a deadly dangerous substance? book by Wenger
Link to Healthy Alternative Chlorine Dioxide Uses Non-pharmacological Health Restoration Book, by Paris Humble
Animal Treatment
Link to "Pro-Oxine" for disinfection in animal health, by Kemin
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Gas: A Proven Decontamination Method for Research, by Allentown
Link to Wound Treatment Using Ciderm SP An Antiseptic Wound Spray
Link to Surgical Wound Management
Link to Chlorine Dioxide Used In Poultry Industry, by CDG Environmental
Link to Chlorine dioxide is widely used in the dairy industry, by CDG Environmental
Safety-Toxicity
Link to Link to ATSDR Toxicological Profile - Chlorine dioxide & Chlorite, by Center for Disease Control.
Link to an article which reviews the world literature pertaining to dangers
and precautions involving exposure to chlorine dioxide gas.
Link to more reviews from INCHEM. These searches retrieve Chemical Safety Information from various Intergovernmental Organizations.
Link to Link to Safety and Proper Dosing of Chorine Dioxide Oral Solutions, by Doctor Pierre Kory
Link to Chlorine Dioxide and Chlorite, Applications & Safety Issues, by EPA
Electrolyzed Saline
Link to Electrolyzed Saline Summary, by Perplexity
Link to Electrolyzed Saline Summary, by Wikipedia
Link to Applications Of Electrolyzed Saline, by MEHA
Link to Electrolyzed Saline Summary Review, by Chen & Wang
Link to Harnessing the Power of Electrolyzed Saline, by Viking Pure Solutions
Link to Electrolyzed Salt Water: The Science Explained, by Force Of Nature
Link to New Clinical Applications of Electrolyzed Water: A Review, by Yan et al
Link to Electrolyzed Saline Prevents Virus Transmission in Dental Procedures: An In Vitro Study, by Munjakovic et al
Link to Electrolyzed saline use as dental irrigant, by Dube & Jain
Parasitology
Link to a comprehensive presentation of the malaria epidemic clinical features, treatments, resources.
Link to an illustrated article in Wikipedia regarding P. falciparum.
Link to Parasites A-Z Index, articles identified by species name, by CDC
Link to Glossary of parasitic diseases, by CDC
Medical Protozoology Course
by Mark F. Wiser of Tulane University:
Link to a thorough explanation of the phylum apicomplexae
Link to illustrated study guides
Link to a review of malaria
Link to an article explaining how to distinguish Plasmodial species
Link to intestinal protozoa
Link to an introduction to medical protozoology
Link to an explanation of Kinetoplastids
Link to a review of free living pathogenic protozoa
Link to an article explaining protista as opportunistic pathogens in AIDS
Link to the syllabus of Dr. Wiser's course with links to articles and text references
Link to an index page to supplemental articles and to power point presentation files
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